is where we learned about the 3 different verb moods. We went over examples of the verb moods. Everyone seemed to grasp this along with changing sentences into the imperative purpose. We reviewed the S-Vt-DO pattern and showed how it is not really different when dealing with the imperative purpose.
We next moved into talk about two more noun roles. We talked about the Noun of Direct Address. Commas are used to set of the Noun of Direct Address to show that it is no grammatically connected to the sentence.
Appositives caused us a little bit of trouble trying to understand whether to use commas or not.
I have looked into it a little further. I looked up 2 websites that I will site below. I also looked in the Our Mother Tongue book. The Our Mother Tongue lesson is on page 66-67. The basic rules that I have found. You use a comma if the information is not needed to understand the sentence. If the information is needed to understand the sentence then you leave the commas out. I read in one source that if the subject is a proper noun then the appositive will always have commas. This would be because the proper noun should give us a clear picture of who or what the sentence is about since the subject is a proper noun. The appositive will just be extra information. If the subject is more unclear about who or what I am specifically talking about then the appositive is necessary to understand the sentence. In that case you would not use the commas since the information is necessary. I also read that the appositive can come before the subject though it most often follows the subject. You should be able to tell which noun is the appositive when there are commas. If there are no commas it is a little unclear. Though I would say most of the time the appositive will be after.
Here is the example from Our Mother Tongue where the appositive is first.
"A fine student and leader,Sam will go places."- This is Exercise A in Lesson 15 page 66. "A fine student and leader" is the appositive. It is obvious in this example because of the comma setting off the phrase in the beginning. Plus, it would not really make sense any other way. The next example in that exercise is not as clear. "My daughter Sarah is my best friend." There is no comma. The book says that "My Daughter" is the appositive. I personally think either one could be in this example. It is not clear. I don't think that is a good example. Where really both could be the appositive depending on what was trying to be said.
I think most of the time the appositive comes after the noun. I think you just need to be aware that it could come before, and you need to look for the commas and be aware of what is being said.
I will copy a couple rules a found at the bottom and another website that gives some examples with answers that I thought were helpful. Try not to get too hung up on these appositives. For the most part they should be pretty straight forward. There are always going to be tricky sentences that seem confusing. Just try to get the basics right now. Some is going to be based on the intent of the writer, and what they are trying to say.
Finally were able to talk about adverbs. Please work on studying Chart I, which is the adverb chart.
Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs. I tried to relate this back to the-ly words in IEW.
The best thing to start with is memorizing the questions that adverbs answer. How? When? Where? Why? To what extent? How much? Under what condition? How often? I wanted to play an adverb game, but we ran out of time in both classes. We may start off next week with playing that game.
Please let me know if you have any questions.
At Home:
1. Moms read week 7 lesson.
2. Study Chart I, Review chart E and any other chart you need extra work on.
3. Sentences at the back of week 7
4. Take simple declarative sentences and have your child change them into imperative or interrogative sentences. You can use the sentences at the back of Lesson 7. The answers are listed.
Appositive Help- website -http://www.cws.illinois.edu/workshop/writers/appositives/
Restrictive Appositives-( Essential appositives)
A restrictive appositive is necessary to maintain the meaning of the sentence and does not require commas. Usually, a restrictive appositive is a single word closely related to the preceding word. It "restricts" or narrows the meaning of the word it modifies:
- The musician Harry Connick will come to Champaign.
("Harry Connick" restricts the general term "musician.") - My sister Mary has four dogs.
Nonrestrictive Appositive-(non-essential appositives)
A nonrestrictive appositive may be omitted without changing the basic meaning of the sentence. A nonrestrictive appositive is separated by commas. Commas are always used when the word which the appositive modifies is a proper noun:
- Harry Connick, the musician, will come to Champaign.
("Musician" offers additional information about the specific name "Harry Connick") - There are many parades for Mardi Gras, a religious festival celebrating the last day before Lent, in New Orleans, a city in Louisiana.
http://www.sjsu.edu/writingcenter/docs/Appositives.pdf
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